A Liver Function Test (LFT) is a diagnostic assessment that evaluates the health and functionality of the liver. This panel of blood tests provides valuable insights into various markers associated with liver performance, aiding in the detection and monitoring of liver diseases or abnormalities. Typically, a Liver Function Test includes measurements of enzymes such as alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST), which are released into the bloodstream when liver cells are damaged. Elevated levels of these enzymes may indicate liver injury or inflammation. The test also assesses bilirubin levels, a pigment produced during the breakdown of red blood cells; abnormal levels may suggest liver dysfunction or obstruction of bile ducts.
Moreover, the evaluation of albumin and total protein levels in the blood provides information about the liver's synthetic function. A decrease in these proteins may signal chronic liver disease. The prothrombin time (PT) is often included to assess blood clotting, as the liver produces clotting factors. Liver Function Tests are crucial for diagnosing liver disorders such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, or fatty liver disease. Regular monitoring of these markers helps healthcare professionals manage and treat liver conditions effectively, ensuring the overall health and well-being of individuals.